Week 3 Discussion Assignment: Metabolic Compartmentalization in Eukaryotes Avail

Week 3 Discussion Assignment: Metabolic Compartmentalization in Eukaryotes
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Week 3 Discussion Assignment: Metabolic Compartmentalization in Eukaryotes
Due Date: 6/7/2022 11:59 PM (Please post your initial Discussion post at least 48 hour before due date, so that other students could read you discussion post and get sufficient time to post their comment on it). Your initial discussions post is answer to the questions. Your initial discussions post should be EXCLUSIVELY answer to the questions give below. If you post other than the thoughts on the topic’s answers in your initial post, you will receive “zero in this assignment”. Create a new thread for your initial post with your name as the subject.
We learnt about cell organelles in week 2. Among them chloroplast and mitochondria are interesting as they are both like bacteria in size, and like bacteria, they reproduce by dividing in two. Most important, both mitochondria and chloroplasts contain their own DNA, which encodes some of their components. Evidence suggest that these two organelles were once free-living bacteria like organisms, and later they were acquired by large eukaryotic cells.
Both, mitochondria, and chloroplasts play critical roles in energy metabolism, that will be covered this week lecture topic, focusing on cellular respiration and photosynthesis. You will learn, plants the most familiar autotrophs meaning they produce their own food using light, water, carbon dioxide by the process of photosynthesis. In contrast to autotrophs, heterotrophs like humans and other animals are unable to produce organic substances from inorganic ones. They must rely on an organic source of carbon that has originated in autotrophs. You will read how both plant and animal cells acquire and store energy from food source to support their metabolism.
Initial discussion post: Answer the following questions (keep your answers brief):
Many scientists believe that some of the organelles in today’s eukaryotic cells were once prokaryotic microbes. Do you think that a mitochondrion or chloroplast used to be a free-living organism? Give three evidence supporting your answer.
“Acquisition of mitochondria would have provided a cell with the ability to carry out ANAEROBIC metabolism”- is that statement true or false? why?
What are the similarities and differences between mitochondria and chloroplast?
In chloroplast, photosynthesis occur via two processes in most plants. Name two major processes for photosynthesis and their location in chloroplast.
In cellular respiration, Mitochondria are the powerhouse of the cell and play a key role in converting the chemical energy into a usable form for the cell’s metabolic needs. What is the cellular molecule that stores that usable cellular energy?
Mitochondria play a key role in producing cellular energy and defects in any mitochondrial function have drastic effect on cellular and organismal functions. In addition, they play other cellular functions. In 1-2 sentences, summarize the role of mitochondria in Aging. You may use this reference https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2686342/ or other resources.

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