GIS is a powerful platform for use in fire and emergency services. Geographic in

GIS is a powerful platform for use in fire and emergency services. Geographic information systems utilize multiple attributes of data to produce real time charts, maps, and projections based on the layers of information. By utilizing the GIS information acquired through data collection methods, planners looking to construct new stations or realign staffing or response areas can determine where heavy call volumes in an area might be (ESRI, 2012) Tracking the call frequency and type can help leadership in departments decide if there are more resources in the form of extra apparatus or more specialized apparatus. By using traffic mapping programs, station location can be set to have most access points to central response areas and guide responders in navigating heavy traffic or congestion locally.
While previously determination of station placement was based on using mathematical equations and estimation of response times to various points within a call area, using geographical information of actual distances, hazards, and development can help determine actual travel time. By overlaying population density reports and housing demographics, planners can decide how large of a station and number of crews would be required with accuracy.Importing call volume reports from previous years also assists in staffing determinations. As these data points can be dynamic, the ability of GIS systems to be updated electronically and in most cases, real time from the field helps aid in the ability to constantly reassess productivity. Changes to the infrastructure, urban growth, and even weather patterns can be input to guide the construction of fire stations or EMS response units where they can be most effective. (Resource Not Found – Homeland Security Digital Library, n.d.)

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