Antiphospholipid Antibody Induced Ischemic Stroke

ntroduction: Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is an autoimmune disorder causing hypercoagulability and thrombotic events.

Epidemiology: APS-related stroke commonly affects young and middle-aged adults without traditional risk factors.

Pathophysiology: Antiphospholipid antibodies promote arterial thrombosis through endothelial dysfunction and platelet activation.

Risk Factors: Coexisting lupus, smoking, oral contraceptive use, and hypertension increase stroke risk.

Clinical Presentation: Patients typically present with sudden focal neurological deficits suggestive of acute ischemic stroke.

Diagnostic Evaluation: Diagnosis requires positive antiphospholipid antibody tests along with imaging-confirmed cerebral infarction.

Management: Acute treatment includes reperfusion therapy followed by long-term anticoagulation.

Complications: Recurrent strokes and systemic thrombotic events may occur without adequate therapy.

Conclusion: Early recognition and sustained anticoagulation are crucial to prevent recurrence and improve outcomes.