1. Identify a clinical issue or problem and it should be capable of turning the

1. Identify a clinical issue or problem and it should be capable of turning the issue into a PICO question. Identify and thoroughly discuss the problem’s impact on nursing/patient care.
2. Document the reason interested in the selected clinical issue or problem (rationale).
3. Write PICO question based on clinical issue or problem, using a PICO format.
4. Cite 5 sources at minimum correctly in APA formatting that correctly identifies with the problem, intervention, and findings. Must be evidence-based articles within 2018-2022.
5. Summarize each article using PICOS formula below. Each article must be EVIDENCE-BASED.
6. Correctly identify key search words used.
7. Develop a clear, concise, guideline to address the identified issue or problem with complete in-text citations and a complete reference list using APA formatting.
Please make sure all seven listed above are clear and concise.
Below I have entered the copy and paste from the project on my dashboard and included the Grove pages that were relevant.
If you have any questions, please reach out and ask.
Using Chapter 13 (Grove & Gray,
2019, pp. 387-394. 396, the attached PICO templates and examples handout attached under
Resources as well as information on the WC Jim Wright Library site (left menu
click Research Guides, then click NURS: Professional Nursing, and then scroll
to Evidence Based Practice).
First, describe a clinical issue or
problem you are interested in learning more about. The clinical issue or
problem should be capable of turning the issue into a PICO question. For
example, issues or problems involving value or moral issues are not
researchable and thus not appropriate for a PICO question. For example, should
marijuana be legalized in Texas? Answers relate to one’s values. However, this
issue be turned into a researchable question if organize in a different way: “Do
patients in Texas (P) diagnosed with cancer (I) hold more favorable opinions
regarding legalization of marijuana use (O) than the general public (C)?” Identify and thoroughly discuss the problem’s impact on nursing/patient
care.
Second, document the reason you are
especially interested in the selected clinical issue or problem (rationale).
Third, write a PICO question based on
your clinical issue or problem. Use one of the helpful templates for the
question and label each label the question according to PICO
5 sources are cited correctly in APA format
and correctly identified with the problem, intervention, and findings are
summarized.( Must be evidence-based articles)
Correctly identify key search words
Develop a practice guideline to address
the identified problem. It should be clearly identified, the evidence summarized,
and the proposed guideline clearly and concisely presented with complete
in-text citations and a complete reference list using APA formatting.
Lastly, provide a reflection of the
project.
Developing
clinical questions to search for existing research-based evidence for use in
practice
Developing
a clinical question in an area of interest and conducting an extensive search
of evidence-based sources is an effective way to identify current evidence for
use in practice. The clinical question often is developed using the PICO
format, which includes the following elements:
P –
population or participants of interest in your clinical setting
I –
intervention needed for practice
C –
comparisons of interventions to determine the best intervention for your
practice
O–
outcomes needed for practice and ways to measure the outcomes in your practice
The
PICO format helps you organize the search for research evidence in a variety of
databases and websites. You can identify research syntheses (systematic reviews,
meta-analyses, meta-syntheses, and mixed-methods systematic reviews);
evidence-based guidelines, protocols, and algorithms; and individual studies
through searches of electronic databases, national library sites, and EBP
organizations and collections. Some of the key resources for EBP are identified
in Table 13.1. At least 2500 new systematic reviews are reported in English and
indexed in the Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online
(MEDLINE) each year. The Cochrane Collaboration (2017) library of systematic
reviews is an excellent resource, with more than 11,000 entries relevant to
nursing and health care. In 2009, the Cochrane Nursing Care (CNC) Field was
developed to support the conduct, dissemination, and use of systematic reviews
in nursing. The CNC Field produces the Cochrane Corner columns (summaries of
Cochrane Reviews relevant to nursing care) that are regularly published in
collaborating nursing care − related journals (CNC, 2017). The Joanna
Briggs Institute (2017) also provides resources for locating and conducting
research syntheses in nursing. The Nursing Reference Center (NRC) includes
evidence-based care sheets for numerous nursing interventions and clinical
conditions (see Table 13.1).
Table
13.1
Evidence-based
practice resources
RESOURCE DESCRIPTION
Electronic
Databases
CINAHL
(Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature) CINAHL is an authoritative resource
covering the English language journal literature for nursing and allied health.
The database was developed in the United States and includes sources published
from 1982 to the present.
MEDLINE
(PubMed, National Library of Medicine) MEDLINE
was developed by the National Library of Medicine in the United States; it
provides access to more than 11 million MEDLINE citations back to the mid-1960s
and to additional life science journals.
MEDLINE
with MeSH Also developed by the
National Library of Medicine, MEDLINE with MeSH provides authoritative medical
information on medicine, nursing, dentistry, veterinary medicine, the
healthcare system, preclinical services, and more.
PsycINFO The American Psychological Association
developed this database that includes professional and academic literature for
psychology and related disciplines from 1887 to the present.
CANCERLIT CANCERLIT, containing information on cancer,
was developed by the National Cancer Institute in the United States.
National
Library Sites
Cochrane
Library The Cochrane Library provides
high-quality evidence for those providing and receiving health care and those
involved in research, teaching, funding, and administration of health care at
all levels. Included is the Cochrane Collaboration, which has many systematic
reviews of research (http://www.cochrane.org/evidence).
National
Library of Health (NLH) The NLH, located
in the United Kingdom, provides searchable evidence-based sources at
http://www.evidence.nhs.uk.
Evidence-Based
Practice Organizations and Collections
National
Guideline Clearinghouse (NGC) The Agency
for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) developed the NGC to house the
thousands of evidence-based guidelines that have been developed for use in
clinical practice; these can be accessed online at http://www.guidelines.gov.
Cochrane
Nursing Care (CNC) Field The
Cochrane Collaboration includes over 8000 reviews in 11 different fields; one
is the CNC, which supports the conduct, dissemination, and use of systematic
reviews in nursing. Most libraries subscribe to the Cochrane Collaboration but
free access to abstracts and reviews can be found at http://cncf.cochrane.org.
National
Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) The NICE was organized in the United Kingdom to provide access
to current evidence-based guidelines, similar to the NGC (http://nice.org.uk).
Joanna
Briggs Institute (JBI) JBI, an
international evidence-based organization originating in Australia, has a
search website that includes evidence summaries, systematic reviews, systematic
review protocols, evidence-based recommendations for practice, best practice
information sheets, consumer information sheets, and technical reports; see
“Search the Joanna Briggs Institute” (http://www.joannabriggs.org).
Nursing
Reference Center (NRC) The NRC includes
a collection of rigorously reviewed, evidence-based care sheets that provide
current best practice for over 700 interventions and clinical conditions. This
source requires a subscription, so check with your librarian. You can access
this resource at http://www.ebscohost.com/nursing.
A
systemic review or meta-analysis is best directed by a relevant clinical
question that focuses the review process and promotes the development of a
quality synthesis of research evidence. The PICOS format is most commonly used
to develop clinical questions for research syntheses. The PICOS format (similar
to the PICO format introduced earlier) is included in the PRISMA Statement
(Moher et al., 2009) with the following elements:
P –
population or participants of interest (see Chapter 9 on sampling)
I –
intervention needed for practice (see Chapter 8 on nursing interventions)
C –
comparisons of the intervention with control, placebo, standard care,
variations of the same intervention, or different therapies (see Chapter 8)
O –
outcomes needed for practice (see Chapter 10 on measurement methods and Chapter
14 on outcomes research)
S –
study design (see Chapter 8 on types of study designs)

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